ChatGPT in English as a Foreign Language Learning: Growing Attention on Writing and Speaking

This study found that writing improvements dominated research on ChatGPT in English as a Foreign Language learning, with studies on writing in 2024 increasing more than fourfold compared to 2023, focusing on more specific components and in-depth analysis. A surprising rise in speaking studies also emerged, with ChatGPT enhancing fluency. Future studies could explore long-term effects, specific affective factors, reading and listening and individual learner differences to further understand ChatGPT’s sustained impact on different aspects.